Effect of surface treatment and built form on thermal profile of open spaces: A case of Mumbai, India

The thermal environment in Recreational Open Spaces (ROS) is primarily a result of the surrounding built form which includes buildings, trees, and surface treatment materials. To study impact land choice urban on characteristics open spaces, case assessment was undertaken dense context Mumbai, India. ROS its profile, we selected three spaces adjoining school Mumbai exhibiting different material treatments form. A comparative analysis done using ENVI-met model. model outcomes were validated field measurements. results highlighted significant vegetation ambient air temperature ROS. with concrete paving mud showed about 3 °C 1.5 higher than surfaces covered tree litter. During evening, that maximum (Ts) comparatively (4 °C), as compared to others. inferences from this would assist appropriate policy formation design guidelines could favourably profile aid mitigating heat island effect.